Education born in sellersville, pennsylvania, alderfer obtained his bachelor in psychology in 1962 at yale university, where he also obtained his doctor of philosophy in psychology 1966. Easton, pennsylvania, factory and further developed later with the construction. Alderfers erg theory from 1969 condenses maslows five human needs into three categories. The e, r and g of erg theory stand for existence, relatedness and growth the three sets of needs which are the focus of this alternative theory of human needs in organizations. Contrary to abraham maslow s reasoning, clayton alderfer thinks that it is possible for people to regress down to a lower level even though their needs in this level have been satisfied before.
Alderfer further developed maslows hierarchy of needs by. Alderfer, clayton paul was born on september 1, 1940 in sellersville, pennsylvania, united states. Erg theory a theory of human motivationthat focuses on three groups of needs that form a hierarchy. Unlike maslow, alderfer includes just three constant needs that are of equal importance. Pdf an empirical study of the existence, relatedness.
Erg theory is a theory in psychology proposed by clayton alderfer. In a reaction to maslows famous hierarchy of needs, alderfer distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence workers behavior. Human beings are motivated by unsatisfied needs, and certain lower needs must be. Erg theory is a needs based theory of motivation developed by clayton alderfer in the late 1960s. Alderferdifferential importance of human needs as a function of. Maslows theory of human motivation and alderfers conception of existence, relatedness, and growth erg needs are frameworks accounting for the same phenomena. Although alderfer does not disagree with maslows hierarchy of needs completely, he does not agree with all of them. He recategorized maslows hierarchy of needs into three simpler and broader classes of needs. Clayton paul alderfer born september 1, 1940 in sellersville, pennsylvania is an american psychologist who further expanded maslows hierarchy of needs by categorizing the hierarchy into his erg theory existence, relatedness and growth. The existence need corresponds to the maslows physiological and safety needs.
Alderfer 1940, has been widely applied to issues of workplace motivation and consumer behaviour. Clayton alderfer summarised human motivation factors into three categories rather than the five maslow used. Clayton alderfer biography, books and publications toolshero. Needs theories overview needsbased motivation theories are based on the understanding that motivation stems from an individuals desire to fulfill or achieve a need.
Clayton paul alderfer september 1, 1940 october 30. Er ist bekannt fur seine ergtheorie existence, relatedness and growth. Erg theory of motivation to bring maslows need hierarchy theory of motivation in synchronization with empirical research, clayton alderfer redefined it in his own terms. In this video, we explain the erg theory of motivation by clayton paul alderfer. Both theories have similarities as well as differences on some important aspects. Alderfers erg theory of motivation the world of work. Lets have a closer look at alderfers motivational model, 1969s erg theory. Alderfer s erg theory from 1969 condenses maslows five human needs into three categories. Learn more about the erg theory by clayton alderfer to understand. Clayton alderfer based his erg theory of motivation on abraham maslows hierarchy of human needs. All about alderfers theory of human needs erg theory.
An empirical test of a new theory of human needs sciencedirect. The theory was a follow up of abraham maslows 5 stages hierarchy of needs theory. Existence needs these include need for basic material. Argues, as maslow did, that people do have needs, that those needs are arranged in a hierarchy and that needs are important determinants. Alderfer, in which he distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence workers behavior. Clayton alderfer is an american psychologist and has become famous with his erg theory. An american psychologist clayton paul alderfer had proposed this theory and believed that each need carries some value and hence. Clayton alderfer was an american psychologist who held academic posts at yale and rutger. The erg theory was developed by an organizational behavior scholar named, clayton alderfer.
The erg theory talks about three levels of needs and is based on maslows needs hierarchy which proposes 5. To bring maslows need hierarchy theory of motivation in synchronization with empirical research, clayton alderfer redefined it in his own terms. Clayton alderfer abpp 1940 is an american psychologist, speaker, writer, entrepreneur, consultant and scholar. Peakon gathers employee feedback, analyses it, and provides the insights you need to improve your business in real time. Alderfers erg theory categorises maslows hierarchy of needs in just three groups existence, relatedness and growth, which can cover all of the needs required for human experience.
Alderfers theory of motivation, sometimes also threefactor theory or abbreviated erg existence, relatedness and growth is a theory dealing with the motivation of people. Alderfer further developed maslows hierarchy of needs by categorizing the hierarchy into his erg theory existence, relatedness and growth. Theory 24 alderfers existence, relatedness and growth erg theory use when a member of your team has regressed to a lower level of. Lets have a closer look at alderfer s motivational model, 1969s erg theory. Hes known for his study of workplace race relations and for his rebuilding of maslows famous pyramid. Sage books the ultimate social sciences digital library.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, yale university, 1966. The existence group is concerned with providing the basic material existence requirements of humans. In fact, alderfer asked maslow to read a first draft of his manuscript, so he. Create marketing content that resonates with prezi video. Clayton alderfer extended and simplified maslows hierarchy into a shorter set of three needs. Clayton alderfer developed maslows hierarchy of needs into a three factor model of motivation know as the erg model. Clayton alderfer has become famous with his erg theory. The erg theory existence, relatedness, growth is a rework of the maslows need hierarchy by clayton alderfer from yale university bethel, 2005. Erg theory is a theory of human needs and motivation by clayton p. An alternative to maslows formulation, erg theory was presented during a later historical period than its predecessor, and at an earlier stage of its authors life.
Not always enough time to read extensive journals or books from. In his description of erg theory, alderfer makes a distinction between. Erg motivation theory alderfer employee motivation. The starting point for the development of this theory is maslows hierarchy of needs which he further expanded into the erg theory based on empirical research 19661989 biography clayton alderfer. The erg need theory developed by alderfer, condenses the five needs given by maslow into three needs. All three needs have valid and reliable measures for both the levels of desire and satisfaction. Erg theory by clayton alderfer, a great motivation theory. This theory has classified the human needs into three groups. Unlike maslow, he did not see these as being a hierarchy, but being more of a continuum. The theory, which was developed from maslows motivational hierarchy by the us organizational psychologist clayton p. Taking a theory as wellknown as maslows hierarchy of needs and reinventing it is a bold move, but. Theory of motivation was published by clayton paul alderfer as a further extension of maslows pyramid of needs.
Erg theory is a needsbased theory of motivation developed by clayton alderfer in the late 1960s. Clayton alderfer erg theory of motivation study mumbai. The existencerelatednessgrowth erg theory of motivation was proposed by clayton p. Differential importance of human needs as a function of satis faction obtained in the organization. Alderfer explains how the empirical study that validated erg was conducted at an.
Existence needs include all material and physiological desires e. Yale university behavioral scientist clayton alderfer was interested in knowing whether abraham maslows model was correct, and on the very first page of his book, he states as much in the acknowledgments section, saying he owes an intellectual debt to the man. Schauen wir uns doch einmal alderfers modell zu motivation, seine ergtheorie aus dem jahre 1969, etwas genauer an. Alderfers erg theory of motivation for rbi grade b exam by gradeup duration. Erg theory of motivation is the condensed form of maslows hierarchy of needs. Erg theory existence, relatedness, and growth author. Read this article to learn about the alderfers erg theory of motivation, its advantages and limitations. Clayton alderfer 1972 modified the concept of a hierarchy maslows model and developed a. Erg stands for the three basic needs existence, relatedness, and growth. Erg theory by clayton alderfer, a great motivation theory toolshero. Existence relatedness growth erg theory what is human. Existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. Existence needs physiological and safety needs relatedness needs involvement. Erg motivation theory and implications for managers pmi.
In a reaction to the famous hierarchy of needs by maslow, alderfer distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence workers behavior. He arranges the pyramid of human needs from specific needs to abstract needs into three basic. The erg word is derived from the first letters of each. This study utilized alderfers existence, relatedness, and growth erg theory of human needs as the basic framework to investigate consumer satisfaction and desires when choosing mobile value. Alderfers erg theory existence, relatedness, and growth. Erg motivation theory alderfer employee motivation theories.
In this volume, alderfer explains the relevance of the paradigm concept for the present work, shows the importance of intergroup relations in the. Alderfer condensed maslows 5 stages to three and just. Alderfers erg theory is a simplified version of maslows hierarchy of needs that suggests that all human needs can be accessed and satisfied simultaneously, rather than from the bottom up. Alderfers erg theory is the extension of maslows needs hierarchy, wherein the maslows five needs are categorized into three categories, viz. The american psychologist clayton alderfer has taken maslow s hierarchy of needs as a basis and has expanded on this in the erg theory. The theory was developed by clayton paul alderfer, an american psychologist, and consultant, between the 60s and the 70s, based on the empirical study conducted at a factory in easton, pennsylvania. Browse the worlds largest ebookstore and start reading today on the web, tablet, phone, or ereader. Theories reflecting my personal experience and life. Clayton alderfer reformulated maslows need hierarchy theory. Alderfers erg theory is the extension of maslows needs hierarchy, wherein an american psychologist clayton paul alderfer had proposed this theory and. Clayton paul alderfer september 1, 1940 october 30, 2015 was an american psychologist.
348 1048 1550 883 1597 827 1083 270 1418 1266 296 931 1316 581 1677 638 1119 55 1126 458 483 198 164 901 1021 235 715 541 169 385 339